skip to main content

Hearing, Health and Safety at Work

As we await the judgment in a landmark case on hearing damage and health and safety law, Musicians’ Union (MU) Assistant General Secretary Naomi Pohl comments on the cause and extent of hearing problems affecting musicians.

Published: 19 February 2018 | 12:00 AM Updated: 28 April 2021 | 4:29 PM

A former member of the Royal Opera House orchestra has taken the company to court. He claims his ex-employer was negligent in its responsibilities under health and safety legislation and that he suffered irreversible hearing damage while he was working there. As we await the judgment, Musicians’ Union (MU) Assistant General Secretary Naomi Pohl comments on the cause and extent of hearing problems affecting musicians.

It is very difficult to ascertain just how many musicians are affected by work-related hearing problems. Anecdotally, I am often told by MU members that they have problems ranging from slight hearing loss to constant tinnitus. However, not everyone wants to admit that they are suffering because they may fear losing work as a result. This possibly leads to musicians struggling on and putting up with pain and discomfort on a regular basis, rather than taking sick leave or cancelling gigs. You can’t blame anyone for this; music is a fragile line of work even if you’re at the top of your game. Almost every freelancer fears their work will dry up tomorrow and most employed musicians knows they occupy an enviable seat.

 
If you are permanently employed by an orchestra or in the West End on a long-running show, you should feel secure in the knowledge that your employer has a duty of care towards you and cannot dismiss you at short notice if you suffer health problems. That said, many musicians still feel less than inclined to admit they have a hearing issue to their bosses. This goes for all sorts of physical conditions, it isn’t specific to hearing health. I have personally represented several musicians who’ve had to leave their jobs as a result of conditions that have been career-ending. What’s never been categorically tested in a court of law, as far as I’m aware, is the extent to which the employer is directly responsible and therefore liable for these injuries. 
 
One of the fundamental questions at the heart of the Royal Opera House case is whether they knew noise levels were unreasonably high, and whether they did enough to protect their employees from the effects of it. Yes, they have a sophisticated noise document which sets out the many ways they try to protect orchestra members from hearing damage. However, was this enough and, if not, did they know all along it wasn’t? 
 
Musicians with intensive schedules of performance, particularly those who work regularly in confined pit environments, are likely to suffer more than most in my experience. Employers and engagers are aware of the problems associated with regular exposure to high levels of noise and while they make some steps to mitigate it, the art tends to come first. An interesting aspect of the Royal Opera House’s defence is that they believe limiting noise levels will damage their artistic output. Are they therefore saying they think the risk to the musicians they employ is justifiable because their performances are world-class? Would it not be possible to reach the same artistic standards at a lower volume? 
 
Whether or not these questions are answered in the judgment remains to be seen. If the judge does take a view, this could have a significant impact on other artistic institutions. However, it is possible the decision will come down to the medical evidence presented by each side and whether liability can be proven. We await the outcome with interest.
 
Are you a musician suffering with a hearing problem? Contact your Regional Office for confidential advice. 
 
Did you know we also offer a Musicians’ Hearing Scheme, in partnership with Musicians Hearing Services and Help Musicians UK? It costs £30 for MU members, and includes hearing assessments and bespoke earplugs. Find out more. 
 
Like what you read? Keep up to date with the latest news and campaigns from the MU on TwitterInstagram and Facebook
 

Get MU membership today

From gig players to part-time teachers and professional instrumentalists, MU members can access specialist insurance for musicians. This includes Public Liability, Instrument and Equipment Insurance, Accident Insurance, Tax Investigation Insurance, and Professional Indemnity Insurance for music teachers.

Explore our member services

  • Get public liability insurance for musicians
  • Access expert legal support
  • Be represented in your profession
  • Access expert career advice, resources, and training events
  • Connect, network, and get to know the community of musicians

Learn about all membership benefits

Get MU membership today

Continue reading

Close up of a large, red, closed theatre safety curtain, lit up by stage lights.

Right to Work Changes and Deputies: MU Seeking Urgent Legal Clarification

Concerns have been raised about how new Right to Work requirements could affect musicians who arrange deputies or substitutes to perform on their behalf. The MU is urgently investigating the implications and will provide further guidance as soon as possible.

Published: 18 September 2026

Read more about Right to Work Changes and Deputies: MU Seeking Urgent Legal Clarification
A birds eye view of an online music lesson. A person sits at a keyboard in front of a phone on a stand, and an open laptop.

Dr Anna Bull: Putting Young People’s Voices at the Heart of Music Education

Originally written for Music Teacher magazine, Dr Anna Bull explores why safeguarding is about more than policies and procedures, and how empowering young people to find their voice can help create safer music education, as set out in the MU’s Experiences of Harm and Risk in Music Education Guide.

Published: 17 September 2026

Read more about Dr Anna Bull: Putting Young People’s Voices at the Heart of Music Education
Shot from behind of someone in a cap sat working at a mixing desk in a recording studio.

Have Your say in UK Music’s 2026 Workforce Diversity Survey

UK Music is inviting people working across the music industry to take part in its Workforce Diversity Survey, which aims to identify where further improvements are needed and highlight where positive change is already taking place.

Published: 17 September 2026

Read more about Have Your say in UK Music’s 2026 Workforce Diversity Survey
Close up of someone composing. They are holding an acoustic guitar while sat in front of a computer screen and keyboard, whilst also writing notes on a tablet.

MU Welcomes BBC’s New Commissioning Guidelines for Media Composers

New commissioning guidelines developed by the MU, BBC, BBC Studios Music Publishing and The Ivors Academy will help media composers better understand the BBC's commissioning process, with clearer guidance on contracts, rights, pitching and the use of AI.

Published: 17 September 2026

Read more about MU Welcomes BBC’s New Commissioning Guidelines for Media Composers